Na2SO3+2HCl->2NaCl+H2O+SO2

0,201-------0,402------0,402---------------0.201

n Na2SO3=0,201 mol

m HCl=18,25 g

->n HCl=0,5 mol

=>HCl dư

=>VSO2=0,201.22,4=4,5024l

b)

mNaCl=\(\dfrac{0,402.58,5}{25,4+250-0,201.64}\).100=8,95%

m Hcl dư=\(\dfrac{0,098.36,5}{25,4+250-0,201.64}.100=1,36\%\)

Bài 14 : 

\(a) n_{CuO} = \dfrac{8}{80} = 0,1(mol)\\ CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O\\ n_{HCl} = 2n_{CuO} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%} = 100(gam)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : } CuCl_2\\ n_{CuCl_2} = n_{CuO} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{CuCl_2} = 0,1.135 = 13,5(gam)\)

Bài 15 : 

\(a) n_{Fe_2O_3} =\dfrac{4,8}{160} = 0,03(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4} = 3n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,09(mol)\\ m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,09.98}{9,8\%} = 90(gam)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : } Fe_2(SO_4)_3\\ n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,03(mol)\\ m_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,03.400 = 12(gam)\)

Bài 16 :

\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\\ b) n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} = 0,4(mol)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\% = 7,3\%\)

Câu 1 :

a)  PTHH : 

 \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1) 

  \(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)(2)

b) Ta có : \(n_{Zn}=\frac{3,5}{65}\approx0,054\left(mol\right)\)

Theo phương trình hóa học (1) :

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}\approx0,054\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}\approx0,054\cdot22,4=1,2096\left(l\right)\)

c) Theo phương trình hóa học (2), ta có:

\(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}\approx0,054\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}\approx0,054\cdot64=3,456\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

a) Ta có : \(n_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\frac{200\cdot7,3}{100\cdot36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Theo phương trình hóa học : \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b) Theo phương trình hóa học , ta có : \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,1\cdot133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)

Lại có: \(m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng, ta có:

\(m_{Al}+m_{dd_{HCl}}=m_{dd_{AlCl_3}}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2,7+200=m_{dd_{AlCl_3}}+0,3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m_{dd_{AlCl_3}}=202,4\left(g\right)\)

Vậy \(C\%_{dd_{AlCl_3}}=\frac{13,35}{202,4}\cdot100\%\approx6,6\%\)

a) 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

_____0,1<---0,2<-------0,1<---0,1

=> m_HCl = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 (g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{7,3}=100\left(g\right)\)

m_{dd sau pư} = 0,1.24 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 102,2 (g)

\(C\%\left(MgCl_2\right)=\dfrac{0,1.95}{102,2}.100\%=9,2955\%\)

b)

CTHH: A_aO_b

PTHH: \(A_aO_b+2bHCl->aACl_{\dfrac{2b}{a}}+bH_2O\)

____________0,2------->\(\dfrac{0,1a}{b}\)

=> \(\dfrac{0,1a}{b}\left(M_A+35,5.\dfrac{2b}{a}\right)=13,5\)

=> \(M_A=\dfrac{64b}{a}=\dfrac{2b}{a}.32\)

Nếu \(\dfrac{2b}{a}=1\) => M_A = 32 (L)

Nếu \(\dfrac{2b}{a}=2\) => M_A = 64(Cu)

\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2\cdot0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên sau p/ứ Zn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15\cdot65=9,75\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=13-9,75=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)

\(n_{HCl}=2,5.0,2=0,5mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,2  <  0,5                            ( mol )

0,2      0,4            0,2         0,2     ( mol )

Chất dư là HCl

\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).36,5=3,65g\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)

\(C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)

asd

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{7,3.300}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)

        2          6              2            3

       0,2      0,6            0,2         0,3

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

d) \(m_{ddspu}=5,4+300-\left(0,3.2\right)=304,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{26,7.100}{304,8}=8,76\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=36,5.15\%=5,475\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{5,475}{36,5}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\), ta được Mg dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,075=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,025.24=0,6\left(g\right)\)

c, - Cách 1:

\(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,075.95=7,125\left(g\right)\)

- Cách 2: 

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_{Mg (pư)} + m_HCl = m_MgCl2 + m_H2

⇒ m_MgCl2 = 2,4 - 0,6 + 5,475 - 0,075.2 = 7,125 (g)

8====D

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